細胞色素c

細胞色素c，體細胞
細胞色素c，體細胞
	血紅素及細胞色素c
有效结构
PDB	直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查询代码列表
	1j3s, 2b4z
标识
代号	CYCS; HCS; CYC
扩展标识	遗传学：123970 鼠基因：88578 同源基因：68675 GeneCards: CYCS Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· protein phosphatase type 2A activity; · iron ion binding; · protein binding; · heme binding; · electron transporter, transferring electrons from CoQH2-cytochrome c reductase complex and cytochrome c oxidase complex activity; · metal ion binding;
细胞成分	· protein phosphatase type 2A complex; · nucleus; · mitochondrion; · mitochondrial respiratory chain; · mitochondrial intermembrane space; · cytosol;
生物过程	· electron transport; · DNA fragmentation during apoptosis; · transport; · apoptosis; · caspase activation via cytochrome c; · cellular respiration;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表达模式
	更多表达数据
直系同源体
物种	人类
Entrez	54205
Ensembl	ENSG00000172115
UniProt	P99999
mRNA序列	NM_018947
蛋白序列	NP_061820
基因位置	Chr 7:; 25.12 – 25.13 Mb
PubMed查询	[1]
	查; 论; 编;

細胞色素複合體（cytochrome complex）簡稱 細胞色素c（cyt c），是一種血红素蛋白（hemoprotein），屬於“细胞色素c家族（英语：Cytochrome c family）”^[1]。細胞色素c會與粒線體內膜輕微連接，結構鬆散而微小的它和其他細胞色素不同，是一種高度可溶性蛋白，在水中的可溶性達每公升100克。細胞色素c是電子傳遞鏈不可或缺的元件，負責攜帶一粒電子，在複合物III和複合物IV之間傳遞。此外，它能夠接受氧化和還原反應，但不與氧結合。在人體中，細胞色素c已經由CYCS基因完成編碼^[2]^[3]。

細胞色素c和細胞程序性死亡有關^[4]。

交互作用

細胞色素c被證實會和COX4I2進行交互作用^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]。

參考資料

^ 王海波. 植物细胞色素C家族蛋白的同源聚类分析[J]. 生物信息学,2010,8(4):334-335,340. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5565.2010.04.012.
^ Entrez Gene: cytochrome c. NCBI. 2011-06-18. （原始内容存档于2020-05-28）（英语）.
^ Marco Tafani, Natalie O. Karpinich, Kathryn A. Hurster, John G. Pastorino, Timothy Schneider, Matteo A. Russo, John L. Farber. Cytochrome c release upon Fas receptor activation depends on translocation of full-length bid and the induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002-03-22, 277 (12): 10073–10082 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11790791. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111350200. （原始内容存档于2019-10-13）.
^ 新世紀生命科學課程改進計畫：神經生物學第一章. 國立陽明大學生命科學院. [2011-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2012-01-10）.
^ Michel, B; Bosshard H R. Spectroscopic analysis of the interaction between cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES). Aug 1984, 259 (16): 10085–91. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 6088481 （英语）.
^ Wiedemann, F R; Vielhaber S; Schröder R; Elger C E; Kunz W S. Evaluation of methods for the determination of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities in human skeletal muscle samples. Anal. Biochem. (UNITED STATES). Mar 2000, 279 (1): 55–60. ISSN 0003-2697. PMID 10683230. doi:10.1006/abio.1999.4434 （英语）.
^ Sampson, V; Alleyne T. Cytochrome c/cytochrome c oxidase interaction. Direct structural evidence for conformational changes during enzyme turnover. Eur. J. Biochem. (Germany). Dec 2001, 268 (24): 6534–44. ISSN 0014-2956. PMID 11737208. doi:10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02608.x （英语）.
^ Lynch, S R; Sherman D; Copeland R A. Cytochrome c binding affects the conformation of cytochrome a in cytochrome c oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES). Jan 1992, 267 (1): 298–302. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 1309738 （英语）.

延伸閱讀

R. Kumarswamy, Sudhir Chandna. Putative partners in Bax mediated cytochrome-c release: ANT, CypD, VDAC or none of them?. Mitochondrion. 2009-02, 9 (1): 1–8 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 1567-7249. PMID 18992370. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2008.10.003. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
V. P. Skulachev. Cytochrome c in the apoptotic and antioxidant cascades. FEBS letters. 1998-02-27, 423 (3): 275–280 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 9515723. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
C. A. Mannella. Conformational changes in the mitochondrial channel protein, VDAC, and their functional implications. Journal of Structural Biology. 1998, 121 (2): 207–218 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 1047-8477. PMID 9615439. doi:10.1006/jsbi.1997.3954. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
K. F. Ferri, E. Jacotot, J. Blanco, J. A. Esté, G. Kroemer. Mitochondrial control of cell death induced by HIV-1-encoded proteins. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2000, 926: 149–164 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 11193032. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.
Robert S. Britton, Katherine L. Leicester, Bruce R. Bacon. Iron toxicity and chelation therapy. International Journal of Hematology. 2002-10, 76 (3): 219–228 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0925-5710. PMID 12416732. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
Nezam Haider, Navneet Narula, Jagat Narula. Apoptosis in heart failure represents programmed cell survival, not death, of cardiomyocytes and likelihood of reverse remodeling. Journal of Cardiac Failure. 2002-12, 8 (6 Suppl): S512–517 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 1071-9164. PMID 12555167. doi:10.1054/jcaf.2002.130034. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
Maria Castedo, Jean-Luc Perfettini, Karine Andreau, Thomas Roumier, Mauro Piacentini, Guido Kroemer. Mitochondrial apoptosis induced by the HIV-1 envelope. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003-12, 1010: 19–28 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 15033690. （原始内容存档于2019-08-28）.
S. Ng, M. B. Smith, H. T. Smith, F. Millett. Effect of modification of individual cytochrome c lysines on the reaction with cytochrome b5. Biochemistry. 1977-11-15, 16 (23): 4975–4978 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 199233. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
S. R. Lynch, D. Sherman, R. A. Copeland. Cytochrome c binding affects the conformation of cytochrome a in cytochrome c oxidase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1992-01-05, 267 (1): 298–302 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 1309738. （原始内容存档于2019-08-28）.
E. A. Garber, E. Margoliash. Interaction of cytochrome c with cytochrome c oxidase: an understanding of the high- to low-affinity transition. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. 1990-02-02, 1015 (2): 279–287 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 2153405. （原始内容存档于2019-09-01）.
C. D. Bedetti. Immunocytochemical demonstration of cytochrome c oxidase with an immunoperoxidase method: a specific stain for mitochondria in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded human tissues. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry: Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society. 1985-05, 33 (5): 446–452 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0022-1554. PMID 2580882. doi:10.1177/33.5.2580882. （原始内容存档于2016-03-24）.
Y. Tanaka, T. Ashikari, Y. Shibano, T. Amachi, H. Yoshizumi, H. Matsubara. Construction of a human cytochrome c gene and its functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Biochemistry. 1988-06, 103 (6): 954–961 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-924X. PMID 2844747. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122393. （原始内容存档于2019-08-25）.
M. J. Evans, R. C. Scarpulla. The human somatic cytochrome c gene: two classes of processed pseudogenes demarcate a period of rapid molecular evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1988-12, 85 (24): 9625–9629 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 282819 . PMID 2849112. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.24.9625. （原始内容存档于2019-09-03）.
P. G. Passon, D. E. Hultquist. Soluble cytochrome b 5 reductase from human erythrocytes. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. 1972-07-12, 275 (1): 62–73 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 4403130. （原始内容存档于2019-08-23）.
R. J. Dowe, L. B. Vitello, J. E. Erman. Sedimentation equilibrium studies on the interaction between cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1984-08-01, 232 (2): 566–573 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0003-9861. PMID 6087732. （原始内容存档于2019-09-02）.
B. Michel, H. R. Bosshard. Spectroscopic analysis of the interaction between cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1984-08-25, 259 (16): 10085–10091 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 6088481. （原始内容存档于2019-09-01）.
C. Broger, M. J. Nałecz, A. Azzi. Interaction of cytochrome c with cytochrome bc1 complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. 1980-10-03, 592 (3): 519–527 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 6251869. （原始内容存档于2019-08-30）.
H. T. Smith, A. J. Ahmed, F. Millett. Electrostatic interaction of cytochrome c with cytochrome c1 and cytochrome oxidase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1981-05-25, 256 (10): 4984–4990 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 6262312. （原始内容存档于2019-09-03）.
L. M. Geren, F. Millett. Fluorescence energy transfer studies of the interaction between adrenodoxin and cytochrome c. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1981-10-25, 256 (20): 10485–10489 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 6270113. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
B. Favre, S. Zolnierowicz, P. Turowski, B. A. Hemmings. The catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A is carboxyl-methylated in vivo. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1994-06-10, 269 (23): 16311–16317 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8206937. （原始内容存档于2019-08-31）.
B. Gao, E. Eisenberg, L. Greene. Effect of constitutive 70-kDa heat shock protein polymerization on its interaction with protein substrate. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1996-07-12, 271 (28): 16792–16797 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8663341. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.28.16792. （原始内容存档于2019-09-01）.

其他圖像

ETC

外部連結

細胞色素c蛋白（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）（英文）
細胞凋亡 & Caspase-3 蛋白酶（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） - PMAP 蛋白酶動畫（英文）* Template:UMichOPM - Calculated orientations of cytochromes c in the lipid bilayer
醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：Cytochrome+c（英文）

Template:Fas apoptosis signaling pathway

[1] 王海波. 植物细胞色素C家族蛋白的同源聚类分析[J]. 生物信息学,2010,8(4):334-335,340. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5565.2010.04.012.

[entrez-2] Entrez Gene: cytochrome c. NCBI. 2011-06-18. （原始内容存档于2020-05-28）（英语）.

[pmid11790791-3] Marco Tafani, Natalie O. Karpinich, Kathryn A. Hurster, John G. Pastorino, Timothy Schneider, Matteo A. Russo, John L. Farber. Cytochrome c release upon Fas receptor activation depends on translocation of full-length bid and the induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002-03-22, 277 (12): 10073–10082 [2019-05-25]. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11790791. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111350200. （原始内容存档于2019-10-13）.

[4] 新世紀生命科學課程改進計畫：神經生物學第一章. 國立陽明大學生命科學院. [2011-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2012-01-10）.

[pmid6088481-5] Michel, B; Bosshard H R. Spectroscopic analysis of the interaction between cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES). Aug 1984, 259 (16): 10085–91. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 6088481 （英语）.

[pmid10683230-6] Wiedemann, F R; Vielhaber S; Schröder R; Elger C E; Kunz W S. Evaluation of methods for the determination of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities in human skeletal muscle samples. Anal. Biochem. (UNITED STATES). Mar 2000, 279 (1): 55–60. ISSN 0003-2697. PMID 10683230. doi:10.1006/abio.1999.4434 （英语）.

[pmid11737208-7] Sampson, V; Alleyne T. Cytochrome c/cytochrome c oxidase interaction. Direct structural evidence for conformational changes during enzyme turnover. Eur. J. Biochem. (Germany). Dec 2001, 268 (24): 6534–44. ISSN 0014-2956. PMID 11737208. doi:10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02608.x （英语）.

[pmid1309738-8] Lynch, S R; Sherman D; Copeland R A. Cytochrome c binding affects the conformation of cytochrome a in cytochrome c oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES). Jan 1992, 267 (1): 298–302. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 1309738 （英语）.

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