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標準電極電勢表

維基百科，自由的百科全書
主條目：標準電極電勢

標準電極電勢可以用來計算化學電池或原電池的電化學勢或電極電勢。

標準電極電位是以標準氫原子作為參比電極，即氫的標準電極電位值定為0，與氫標準電極比較，電位較高者為正，電位較低者為負。

表中電極電勢以以下條件測得（(s)：固體；(l)：液體；(g)：氣體；(aq)：水溶液；(Hg)：汞齊）：

單擊頂欄箭咀可將數據按元素符號、反應物、產物或標準電極電勢值排序。

元素 氧化劑 半反應 還原劑 E°（V）[註 1] 來源
-9
9
鋇 Ba+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ba(s) −4.38 [10][11][12]
鍶 Sr+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Sr(s) −4.10 [13][10][11][14]
鈣 Ca+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ca(s) −3.8 [13][10][11][14]
釷 Th⁴⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Th³⁺ −3.6 [15]
鐠 Pr³⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Pr²⁺ −3.1 [13]
氮 3N
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2HN
3(aq) 		−3.09 [16]
鋰 Li+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Li(s) −3.0401 [17]
氮 N
2(g)＋4H₂O＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2NH
2OH(aq)＋2OH⁻ 		−3.04 [16]
銫 Cs+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Cs(s) −3.026 [17]
鈣 Ca(OH)
2(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ca(s)＋2OH⁻ −3.02 [13]
鉺 Er3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Er2+
 		−3.0 [13]
鋇 Ba(OH)
2(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ba(s)＋2OH⁻ −2.99 [13]
銣 Rb+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Rb(s) −2.98 [18]
鉀 K+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ K(s) −2.92 [17]
鎂 Mg+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Mg(s) −2.93 [12]
鋇 Ba2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ba(s) −2.912 [17]
鑭 La(OH)
3(s)＋3e⁻ 		⇌ La(s)＋3OH⁻ −2.90 [17]
鈁 Fr+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Fr(s) −2.9 [13]
鍶 Sr2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Sr(s) −2.899 [17]
鍶 Sr(OH)
2(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Sr(s)＋2OH⁻ −2.88 [13]
鈣 Ca2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ca(s) −2.868 [17]
銨 NH+
4＋e⁻ 		⇌ NH
4• 		−2.85
銪 Eu2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Eu(s) −2.812 [17]
鐳 Ra2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ra(s) −2.8 [17]
鐿 Yb2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Yb(s) −2.76 [13][10]
鈉 Na+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Na(s) −2.71 [17][19]
釤 Sm2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Sm(s) −2.68 [13][10]
鍩 No2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ No(s) −2.50 [13]
鉿 HfO(OH)
2(s)＋H₂O＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Hf(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.50 [13]
釷 Th(OH)
4(s)＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Th(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.48 [13]
鍆 Md2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Md(s) −2.40 [13]
鑭 La3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ La(s) −2.379 [17]
釔 Y3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Y(s) −2.372 [17]
鎂 Mg2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Mg(s) −2.372 [17]
鋯 ZrO(OH)
2(s)＋H₂O＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Zr(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.36 [17]
鐠 Pr3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Pr(s) −2.353 [13]
鈰 Ce3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ce(s) −2.336 [13]
鉺 Er3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Er(s) −2.331 [13]
鈥 Ho3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ho(s) −2.33 [13]
鋁 Al(OH)−
4＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Al(s)＋4OH⁻ −2.33
鋁 Al(OH)
3(s)＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Al(s)＋3OH⁻ −2.31
鋱 Tb3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Tb(s) −2.28
氫 H
2(g)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2H−
 		−2.25
錒 Ac3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ac(s) −2.20
鈹 Be+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Be(s) −2.12 [12]
鉲 Cf2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Cf(s) −2.12 [13]
鋂 Am3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Am(s) −2.048 [13]
鉲 Cf3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Cf(s) −1.94 [13]
鈣 Ca2+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ca+
 		−1.936 [17][13]
鋂 Am2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Am(s) −1.9 [13]
鐨 Fm3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Fm(s) −1.89 [13]
鈹 Be2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Be(s) −1.85
鑪 Rf4+
＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Rf(s) −1.67 [20]
鈾 U3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ U(s) −1.66 [21]
鋁 Al3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Al(s) −1.66 [19]
鈦 Ti2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ti(s) −1.63 [19]
鉳 Bk2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Bk(s) −1.6 [13]
鋯 ZrO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Zr(s)＋2H₂O −1.553 [17]
鉿 Hf4+
＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Hf(s) −1.55 [13]
鋯 Zr4+
＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Zr(s) −1.45 [17]
鈦 Ti3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ti(s) −1.37 [22]
鈦 TiO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ti(s)＋H₂O −1.31
鈦 Ti
2O
3(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2TiO(s)＋H₂O −1.23
鋅 Zn(OH)2−
4＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Zn(s)＋4OH⁻ −1.199 [23]
錳 Mn2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Mn(s) −1.185 [23]
鐵 Fe(CN)4−
6＋6H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Fe(s)＋6HCN(aq) −1.16 [24]
釩 V2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ V(s) −1.175 [25]
碲 Te(s)＋2e⁻ ⇌ Te²⁻ −1.143 [25]
鈮 Nb3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Nb(s) −1.099
錫 Sn(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ SnH
4(g) 		−1.07
銦 In(OH)
3(s)＋3e⁻ 		⇌ In(s)＋3OH⁻ −0.99 [13]
矽 SiO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Si(s)＋2H₂O −0.91
硼 B(OH)
3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ B(s)＋3H₂O −0.89
鐵 Fe(OH)
2(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Fe(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.89 [24]
鐵 Fe₂O₃(s)＋3H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ 2Fe(OH)
2(s)＋2OH⁻ 		−0.86 [24]
鈦 TiO2+
＋2H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Ti(s)＋H₂O −0.86
氫 2H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ H
2(g)＋2OH⁻ 		−0.8277 [17]
鉍 Bi(s)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ BiH
3 		−0.8 [23]
鋅 Zn2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Zn(Hg) −0.7628 [17]
鋅 Zn2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Zn(s) −0.7618 [17]
鉭 Ta
2O
5(s)＋10H⁺＋10e⁻ 		⇌ 2Ta(s)＋5H₂O −0.75
鉻 Cr3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Cr(s) −0.74
金 [Au(CN)−
2]＋e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋2CN−
 		−0.60
鉭 Ta3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ta(s) −0.6
鉛 PbO(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ Pb(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.58
鈦 2TiO
2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ti
2O
3(s)＋H₂O 		−0.56
鎵 Ga3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ga(s) −0.53
鈾 U4+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ U3+
 		−0.52 [21]
磷 H
3PO
2(aq)＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ P（白）[26]＋2H₂O −0.508 [17]
磷 H
3PO
3(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ H
3PO
2(aq)＋H₂O 		−0.499 [17]
磷 H
3PO
3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ P（紅）[26]＋3H₂O −0.454 [17]
鐵 Fe2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Fe(s) −0.44 [19]
碳 2CO
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ (HO₂C)₂(aq) −0.43
鉻 Cr3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Cr2+
 		−0.42
鎘 Cd2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Cd(s) −0.40 [19]
硒 SeO2−
3＋4e⁻＋3H₂O 		⇌ Se＋6OH⁻ −0.37 [27]
鍺 GeO
2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ GeO(s)＋H₂O −0.37
銅 Cu
2O(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Cu(s)＋2OH⁻ −0.360 [17]
鉛 PbSO
4(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb(s)＋SO2−
4 		−0.3588 [17]
鉛 PbSO
4(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb(Hg)＋SO2−
4 		−0.3505 [17]
銪 Eu3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Eu2+
 		−0.35 [21]
銦 In3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ In(s) −0.34 [25]
鉈 Tl+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Tl(s) −0.34 [25]
硼 B3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ B(s) −0.31
鍺 Ge(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ GeH
4(g) 		−0.29
鈷 Co2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Co(s) −0.28 [17]
磷 H
3PO
4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ H
3PO
3(aq)＋H₂O 		−0.276 [17]
釩 V3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ V2+
 		−0.26 [19]
鎳 Ni2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ni(s) −0.25
砷 As(s)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ AsH
3(g) 		−0.23 [25]
銀 AgI(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋I−
 		−0.15224 [23]
鉬 MoO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Mo(s)＋2H₂O −0.15
矽 Si(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ SiH
4(g) 		−0.14
錫 Sn2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Sn(s) −0.13
氧 O
2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ HO
2•(aq) 		−0.13
鉛 Pb2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb(s) −0.13 [19]
鎢 WO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ W(s)＋2H₂O −0.12
磷 P（紅）＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ PH
3(g) 		−0.111 [17]
碳 CO
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ HCOOH(aq) −0.11
硒 Se(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H
2Se(g) 		−0.11
碳 CO
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ CO(g)＋H₂O −0.11
錫 SnO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Sn(s)＋H₂O −0.10
錫 SnO
2(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ SnO(s)＋H₂O −0.09
鎢 WO
3(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ 		⇌ W(s)＋3H₂O −0.09 [25]
磷 P（白）＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ ⇌ PH
3(g) 		−0.063 [17]
氘 2D+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ D
2(g) 		−0.044
鐵 Fe3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Fe(s) −0.04 [24]
碳（甲酸） HCO₂H(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ HCHO(aq)＋H₂O −0.03
氫 2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H
2(g) 		−0.00 ≡0
銀 AgBr(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋Br⁻ +0.07133 [23]
硫 S
4O2−
6＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2S
2O2−
3 		+0.08
鐵 Fe
3O
4(s)＋8H⁺＋8e⁻ 		⇌ 3Fe(s)＋4H₂O +0.085 [28]
氮 N
2(g)＋2H₂O＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ 		⇌ 2NH
4OH(aq) 		+0.092
汞 HgO(s)＋H₂O＋2e⁻ ⇌ Hg(l)＋2OH⁻ +0.0977
銅 Cu(NH
3)2+
4＋e⁻ 		⇌ Cu(NH
3)+
2＋2NH
3 		+0.10 [25]
釕 Ru(NH₃)₆³⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Ru(NH₃)₆²⁺ +0.10 [21]
肼 N
2H
4(aq)＋4H₂O＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2NH+
4＋4OH⁻ 		+0.11 [16]
鉬 H
2MoO
4(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ 		⇌ Mo(s)＋4H₂O +0.11
鍺 Ge4+
＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Ge(s) +0.12
碳 C(s)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ CH
4(g) 		+0.13 [25]
碳 HCHO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ CH
3OH(aq) 		+0.13
硫 S(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ H
2S(g) 		+0.14
錫 Sn4+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Sn2+
 		+0.15
銅 Cu2+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Cu+
 		+0.159 [25]
硫 HSO−
4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ SO
2(aq)＋2H₂O 		+0.16
鈾 UO2+
2＋e⁻ 		⇌ UO+
2 		+0.163 [21]
硫 SO2−
4＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ SO
2(aq)＋2H₂O 		+0.17
鈦 TiO2+
＋2H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ti3+＋H₂O +0.19
鉍 Bi3+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Bi+ +0.2
銻 SbO+
＋2H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Sb(s)＋H₂O +0.20
碳 CO
2(g)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ C(s)＋2H₂O +0.205
銀 AgCl(s)＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag(s)＋Cl−
 		+0.22233 [23]
砷 H
3AsO
3(aq)＋3H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ As(s)＋3H₂O +0.24
鍺 GeO(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Ge(s)＋H₂O +0.26
鈾 UO+
2＋4H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ U4+
＋2H₂O 		+0.273 [21]
砹 At
2＋e⁻ 		⇌ 2At−
 		+0.3 [13]
錸 Re3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Re(s) +0.300
鉍 Bi3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Bi(s) +0.32
釩 VO2+
＋2H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ V3+
＋H₂O 		+0.34
銅 Cu2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Cu(s) +0.340 [25]
鐵氰 [Fe(CN)
6]3−
＋e⁻ 		⇌ [Fe(CN)₆]₄⁻ +0.36
鎝 Tc2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Tc(s) +0.40 [13]
氧 O
2(g)＋2H₂O＋4e⁻ 		⇌ 4OH⁻(aq) +0.40 [19]
鉬 H
2MoO
4＋6H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Mo3+
＋2H₂O 		+0.43
釕 Ru2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ru(s) +0.455 [13]
鉍 Bi+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Bi(s) +0.50
碳 CH
3OH(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ CH
4(g)＋H₂O 		+0.50
硫 SO
2(aq)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ S(s)＋2H₂O +0.50
銅 Cu+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Cu(s) +0.520 [25]
碳 CO(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ C(s)＋H₂O +0.52
碘 I−
3＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 3I−
 		+0.53 [19]
碘 I
2(s)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2I−
 		+0.54 [19]
金 [AuI−
4]＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋4I−
 		+0.56
砷 H
3AsO
4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ H
3AsO
3(aq)＋H₂O 		+0.56
金 [AuI
2]−
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋2I−
 		+0.58
錳 MnO−
4＋2H₂O＋3e⁻ 		⇌ MnO
2(s)＋4OH⁻ 		+0.59
銠 Rh+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Rh(s) +0.600 [13]
硫 S
2O2−
3＋6H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ 2S(s)＋3H₂O +0.60
鐵（二茂鐵） Fe(C
5H
5)
2＋e⁻ 		⇌ Fe(C
5H
5)
2(s) 		+0.641 [29]
銀 CH₃CO₂Ag＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag＋CH₃CO₂⁻ +0.643 [13]
鉬 H
2MoO
4(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ MoO
2(s)＋2H₂O 		+0.65
苯醌 ＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ +0.6992 [23]
氧 O
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ H
2O
2(aq) 		+0.70
鉈 Tl3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Tl(s) +0.72
鉑氯 PtCl2−
6＋2e⁻ 		⇌ PtCl2−
4＋2Cl−
 		+0.726 [21]
硒 H
2SeO
3(aq)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ Se(s)＋3H₂O +0.74
銠 Rh3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Rh(s) +0.758 [13]
鉑 PtCl2−
4＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pt(s)＋4Cl−
 		+0.758 [21]
鐵 Fe3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Fe2+
 		+0.77
銀 Ag+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ag(s) +0.7996 [17]
汞 Hg2+
2＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Hg(l) +0.80
氮（硝） NO−
3(aq)＋2H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ NO
2(g)＋H₂O 		+0.80
鐵 FeO2−
4＋5H₂O＋6e⁻ 		⇌ Fe
2O
3(s)＋10OH⁻ 		+0.81 [24]
金 [AuBr
4]−
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋4Br−
 		+0.85
汞 Hg2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Hg(l) +0.85
錳 MnO−
4＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ HMnO−
4 		+0.90
汞 2Hg2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Hg2+
2 		+0.91 [25]
鈀 Pd2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pd(s) +0.915 [21]
金 [AuCl
4]−
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋4Cl−
 		+0.93
錳 MnO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ Mn3+
＋2H₂O 		+0.95
金 [AuBr
2]−
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋2Br−
 		+0.96
氙 [HXeO
6]3−
＋2H₂O＋2e⁻ 		⇌ [HXeO
4]−
＋4OH⁻ 		+0.99 [30]
氮（硝） HNO
2＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ NO(g)＋H₂O +0.996
碲 H
6TeO
6(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ TeO
2(s)＋4H₂O 		+1.02 [31]
溴 Br
2(l)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Br−
 		+1.065
溴 Br
2(aq)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Br−
 		+1.087 [19]
氮（硝） NO
2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ HNO
2 		+1.093
碘 IO−
3＋5H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ HIO(aq)＋2H₂O +1.13
[AuCl−
2]＋e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s)＋2Cl−
 		+1.15
硒 HSeO−
4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ H
2SeO
3(aq)＋H₂O 		+1.15
銥 Ir3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Ir(s) +1.156 [13]
銀 Ag
2O(s)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Ag(s)＋H₂O +1.17
氯 ClO−
3＋2H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ ClO
2(g)＋H₂O 		+1.18
氙 [HXeO
6]3−
＋5H₂O＋8e⁻ 		⇌ Xe(g)＋11OH⁻ +1.18 [30]
鉑 Pt2+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pt(s) +1.188 [21]
氯 ClO
2(g)＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ HClO
2(aq) 		+1.19
碘 2IO−
3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ 		⇌ I
2(s)＋6H₂O 		+1.20
氯 ClO−
4＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ ClO−
3＋H₂O 		+1.20
氧 O
2(g)＋4H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ 2H₂O +1.229 [19]
錳 MnO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Mn2+
＋2H₂O 		+1.23
氙 [HXeO
4]−
＋3H₂O＋6e⁻ 		⇌ Xe(g)＋7OH⁻ +1.24 [30]
鉈 Tl3+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Tl+
 		+1.25
鉻 Cr
2O2−
7＋14H⁺＋6e⁻ 		⇌ 2Cr3+
＋7H₂O 		+1.33
氯 Cl
2(g)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2Cl−
 		+1.36 [19]
鈷 CoO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ Co3+
＋2H₂O 		+1.42
2NH3OH+
＋H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ N
2H+
5＋2H₂O 		+1.42 [16]
碘 2HIO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ I
2(s)＋2H₂O 		+1.44
鈰 Ce4+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ce3+
 		+1.44
溴 BrO−
3＋5H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ HBrO(aq)＋2H₂O +1.45
鉛 β-PbO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb2+
＋2H₂O 		+1.460 [25]
鉛 α-PbO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb2+
＋2H₂O 		+1.468 [25]
溴 2BrO−
3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ 		⇌ Br
2(l)＋6H₂O 		+1.48
氯 2ClO−
3＋12H⁺＋10e⁻ 		⇌ Cl
2(g)＋6H₂O 		+1.49
氧（超氧） HO
2＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ H
2O
2 		+1.495 [13]
錳 MnO−
4＋8H⁺＋5e⁻ 		⇌ Mn2+
＋4H₂O 		+1.51
HO
2•＋H⁺＋e⁻ 		⇌ H
2O
2(aq) 		+1.51
金 Au3+
＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s) +1.52
鎳 NiO
2(s)＋4H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Ni2+
＋2OH⁻ 		+1.59
氯 HClO(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ ⇌ Cl
2(g)＋2H₂O 		+1.63
銀 Ag
2O
3(s)＋6H⁺＋4e⁻ 		⇌ 2Ag+
＋3H₂O 		+1.67
氯 HClO
2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ HClO(aq)＋H₂O +1.67
鉛 Pb4+
＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Pb2+
 		+1.69 [25]
錳 MnO−
4＋4H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ MnO
2(s)＋2H₂O 		+1.70
銀 AgO(s)＋2H⁺＋e⁻ ⇌ Ag+
＋H₂O 		+1.77
氧（過氧） H
2O
2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2H₂O +1.776
鈷 Co3+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Co2+
 		+1.82
金 Au+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Au(s) +1.83 [25]
溴 BrO−
4＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ BrO−
3＋H₂O 		+1.85
銀 Ag2+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Ag+
 		+1.98 [25]
氧（過氧） S
2O2−
8＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2SO2−
4 		+2.07
氧 O
3(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ O
2(g)＋H₂O 		+2.075 [21]
錳 HMnO−
4＋3H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ MnO
2(s)＋2H₂O 		+2.09
氙 XeO
3(aq)＋6H⁺＋6e⁻ 		⇌ Xe(g)＋3H₂O +2.12 [30]
氧（氟氧） OF₂＋2H⁺＋4e⁻ ⇌ 2F−
＋H₂O 		+2.153 [13]
氙 H
4XeO
6(aq)＋8H⁺＋8e⁻ 		⇌ Xe(g)＋6H₂O +2.18 [30]
鐵 FeO2−
4＋8H⁺＋3e⁻ 		⇌ Fe3+
＋4H₂O 		+2.20 [32]
氙 XeF
2(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ Xe(g)＋2HF(aq) +2.32 [30]
氙 H
4XeO
6(aq)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ XeO
3(aq)＋H₂O 		+2.42 [30]
氟 F
2(g)＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2F− +2.87 [25][19]
氟 F
2(g)＋2H⁺＋2e⁻ 		⇌ 2HF(aq) +3.05 [25]
鋱 Tb4+
＋e⁻ 		⇌ Tb3+
 		+3.05 [13]
  1. ^ 在Safari的v.4.0.3或更早版本（v4.0.5可正常工作）上單擊這一列可能不會工作。在這種情況下僅僅需要刷新頁面恢復原始順序。

參見

[編輯]

參考資料

[編輯]
  1. ^ Milazzo, G., Caroli, S., and Sharma, V. K. (1978). Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials (Wiley, Chichester).
  2. ^ Bard, A. J., Parsons, R., and Jordan, J. (1985). Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions (Marcel Dekker, New York).
  3. ^ Bratsch, S. G. (1989). Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data Vol. 18, pp. 1–21.
  4. ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2006). "Electrochemical Series," in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 87th Edition （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (Chemical Rubber Company).
  5. ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2007). 「Electrochemical Series」 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (Chemical Rubber Company).
  6. ^ Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. 
  7. ^ Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.(2001). Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons Inc).
  8. ^ Marcel Pourbaix (1966). Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions (NACE International, Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels).
  9. ^ Peter Atkins (1997). Physical Chemistry, 6th edition (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Milazzo, G., Caroli, S., and Sharma, V. K. (1978). Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials (Wiley, Chichester).
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Bratsch, S. G. (1989). Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data Vol. 18, pp. 1–21.
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Ca Sr Ba一價[11]與兩價間的標準電極電勢正好有規律關係，因此可以估計近似值
  13. ^ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30 13.31 13.32 13.33 13.34 13.35 13.36 Standard Redox Potential Table. [2012-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-06）. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Lide, David R. (編), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87th, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8493-0487-3 
  15. ^ Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1263
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2nd. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. 
  17. ^ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 17.19 17.20 17.21 17.22 17.23 17.24 17.25 17.26 17.27 17.28 17.29 17.30 Vanýsek, Petr (2007). 「Electrochemical Series」 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (Chemical Rubber Company).
  18. ^ Vanýsek, Petr (2006). "Electrochemical Series," in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 87th Edition （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (Chemical Rubber Company).
  19. ^ 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 Peter Atkins (1997). Physical Chemistry, 6th edition (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).
  20. ^ Ti Zr Hf 的標準電極電勢變化較規律，因此可估計 Rf的標準電極電勢
  21. ^ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.(2001). Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons Inc).
  22. ^ Gordon Aylward & Tristan Findlay (2008). "SI Chemical Data", 6th edition (John Wiley & Sons, Australia), ISBN 9780470816387.
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 Vanýsek, Petr (2007). 「Electrochemical Series」, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition (Chemical Rubber Company).
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements | Iron | compounds information. [2012-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-18）. 
  25. ^ 25.00 25.01 25.02 25.03 25.04 25.05 25.06 25.07 25.08 25.09 25.10 25.11 25.12 25.13 25.14 25.15 25.16 25.17 25.18 Bard, A. J., Parsons, R., and Jordan, J. (1985). Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions (Marcel Dekker, New York).
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 由−0.454和(2×−0.499＋−0.508)÷3＝−0.502推算出。
  27. ^ 「Glyoxal Bisulfite」 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 3, p.438 (1955).
  28. ^ Marcel Pourbaix (1966). Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions (NACE International, Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels).
  29. ^ Connelly, Neil G.; Geiger, William E. Chemical Redox Agents for Organometallic Chemistry. Chemical Reviews. 1 January 1996, 96 (2): 877–910. PMID 11848774. doi:10.1021/cr940053x. 
  30. ^ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements | Xenon | compounds information. [2012-01-14]. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-22）. 
  31. ^ Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 6th, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1999, ISBN 0-471-19957-5 
  32. ^ Redox Reactions, Western Oregon University website. [2012-01-15]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-30）. 
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