霓长岩

霓长岩（英语：Fenite）是一种与火成碳酸岩侵入体相关的交代变质作用所造成的变质岩^[1]，也可能由二氧化碳蚀变（碳化）的长英质和镁铁质岩石所造成的。霓长岩分布非常局限，在高温变质滑石碳酸盐周围，形成在超镁铁质岩石的周围环带。例如在富含黑云母的区域、角闪岩-方解石-方柱石交代变质和其他少见的硅卡岩组合。形成霓长岩的过程被称为霓长岩化^[2]。

霓长岩化是稀土元素 (REE) 和铌 (Nb) 的最重要矿化过程。当火成碳酸岩和碱性硅酸盐熔体冷却和结晶时，会多次排出高碱性液体，这些液体能造成围岩的霓长岩化，因而富集稀土元素^[3]。

霓长岩的标准产地在挪威，泰勒马克，诺姆^[4]。

参考文献

^ Michael J. Le Bas; FENITES ASSOCIATED WITH CARBONATITES. The Canadian Mineralogist 2008;; 46 (4): 915–932. doi: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.46.4.915
^ H.A.L. Elliott, F. Wall, A.R. Chakhmouradian, P.R. Siegfried, S. Dahlgren, S. Weatherley, A.A. Finch, M.A.W. Marks, E. Dowman, and E. Deady (2018) Fenites associated with carbonatite complexes: A review,Ore Geology Reviews, Volume 93,Pages 38-59,ISSN 0169-1368,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.12.003. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136817305784 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）)
^ B. Robins, and M. Tysseland (1983) The geology, geochemistry and origin of ultrabasic fenites associated with the Pollen Carbonatite (Finnmark, Norway),Chemical Geology,Volume 40, ssues 1–2,Pages 65-95,ISSN 0009-2541,https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(83)90092-X.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000925418390092X)
^ Fen Complex, Nome, Telemark, Norway". Mindat. Retrieved 10 June 2013

[”Bas”-1] Michael J. Le Bas; FENITES ASSOCIATED WITH CARBONATITES. The Canadian Mineralogist 2008;; 46 (4): 915–932. doi: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.46.4.915

[”Elliott”-2] H.A.L. Elliott, F. Wall, A.R. Chakhmouradian, P.R. Siegfried, S. Dahlgren, S. Weatherley, A.A. Finch, M.A.W. Marks, E. Dowman, and E. Deady (2018) Fenites associated with carbonatite complexes: A review,Ore Geology Reviews, Volume 93,Pages 38-59,ISSN 0169-1368,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.12.003. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136817305784 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）)

[”Robins”-3] B. Robins, and M. Tysseland (1983) The geology, geochemistry and origin of ultrabasic fenites associated with the Pollen Carbonatite (Finnmark, Norway),Chemical Geology,Volume 40, ssues 1–2,Pages 65-95,ISSN 0009-2541,https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(83)90092-X.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000925418390092X)

[”Fen”-4] Fen Complex, Nome, Telemark, Norway". Mindat. Retrieved 10 June 2013

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